The studies behind the train: KPMG, Steer, and the Campana tunnel

Officials detailed the consultancies underway: KPMG on the financial model ($802,461) and Steer Davies & Gleave on passenger and freight demand ($834,600), alongside AECOM's engineering. Engineers flagged the Campana tunnel as one of the route's most complex points. Pre-feasibility was due in March, feasibility by mid-year.
Background & context
This briefing is the most granular official account of who is studying what: KPMG on the financial model ($802,461), Steer Davies & Gleave on demand ($834,600), AECOM on engineering, later joined by Renfe and WSP. Naming the Campana tunnel specifically as one of the route's most complex points is a useful admission, tunneling is where rail projects worldwide most reliably blow through cost estimates.
Flagging it early, rather than after a cost overrun, is the more honest sequence. The pre-feasibility deadline mentioned here (March 2026) came and went with no separate public announcement, worth noting alongside the bigger June deadline that followed.